@article { author = {Asgari, Sohrab and Ghadri Hajat, Mostafa}, title = {The strait of Hormoz geopolitical role in Iran's Maritime Defense Strategy}, journal = {The Fundamental and Applied Studies of the Islamic World}, volume = {3}, number = {7}, pages = {113-146}, year = {2021}, publisher = {Iranian Association of Geopolitics and Center of Islamic World Futures Studies (CIWFS)}, issn = {2717-0926}, eissn = {2717-0934}, doi = {}, abstract = {Introduction   In recent decades, the coastal states have adopted strategies to exercise sovereignty over their maritime areas. The main goal of these strategies has been to secure national interests and create maritime security. The emergence of security in maritime corridors is related to the coastal countries strategies in the form of international conventions. efficient law navy forces are the main tools in this case. Proper sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz from a defense point of view, it is a strategic necessity for Iran now and in the future. Therefore, this article tries to ask the question, what is the role of the Strait of Hormuz in the appropriate defense strategy of Iran and what are the geopolitical consequences of the Strait blockade for the interests and national security of Iran?Methodology The type of research is descriptive-analytical and data collection is done in a library manner.After collecting information, relevant data were extracted and analyzed in line with the research question. While explaining the basic concepts of the research, the situation of the Strait of Hormuz has been studied from various aspects and its geopolitical importance in relation to Iran's defense strategies has been pointed out.FindingThe most important findings of this article in order to answer the main question can be expressed in the form of statements such as geopolitical and strategic attractiveness of the Strait of Hormuz, the separation of the Iranian-Oman Sea border in the Strait of Hormuz, the separation of the Strait of Hormuz and Iran's naval defense strategy. He categorized the maritime territories and the Strait of Hormuz.AnalysesThe threat of blocking the Strait of Hormuz and preventing the movement of foreign ships and impeding maritime trade in the Persian Gulf region has been one of the alternative elements in the defense strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in recent decades. Threats to close the Strait of Hormuz have been raised many times by the military and some irresponsible people in the country's foreign policy, but the most important threats have been raised on special occasions by some high-ranking officials who have had significant repercussions in the world.The Strait of Hormuz, despite official and unofficial threats, has not been completely blocked so far, but action to prevent the passage of ships of some countries through the Strait of Hormuz can be taken as an occasional and limited action to block the Strait of Hormuz. Considered.If Iran's decision to close the Strait of Hormuz becomes serious and practical, then it will have consequences that will be somewhat irreparable. In the current situation where the country's important ports are located on the shores of the Persian Gulf and also Iranian oil export platforms have been built in the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz is the vital artery of the country and closing the Strait of Hormuz means cutting this artery.The first consequence of blocking the Strait of Hormuz will be the cessation of Iranian oil sales. Also, cutting off the country's imports through the Strait of Hormuz will be another consequence of the closure of the Strait by the Iranian Navy.ConclusionOne of the sources of Iran's geopolitical authority and prestige in the region and the world, is the location of the northern part of the strategic Strait of Hormuz in territorial waters and in general this part of the strait belongs to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The dependence of oil and gas producers in the Persian Gulf region and oil and gas consumers in the world on the Strait of Hormuz exceeds its importance beyond a simple international crossing. In such circumstances, what is the country's geopolitical value in the region and the world will grow, there will be lasting security and a safe flow of energy from this strait.}, keywords = {Iran,Strait of Hormuz,Defense strategy,Geopolitics,Defense Policy}, title_fa = {جایگاه ژئوپلیتیکی تنگۀ هرمز در راهبرد دفاع دریای ایران}, abstract_fa = {با تشکیل نیروی دریایی در سال 1303 اعمال حاکمیت بر قلمروی دریایی کشور شروع شد. تصویب نخستین قانون مناطق دریایی ایران در سال 313 ، اعمال حاکمیت را قانونمند کرد. در دهه‎های بعد قانون مناطق دریایی ایران بازنگری شد. در تکمیل آن، حقوق و قوانین بین‎الملل دریاها مؤثر بود. موضوع قوانین دریایی کشور، همواره خلیج فارس و دریای عمان بوده است و تنگۀ هرمز به‌عنوان آبراه مهم جهانی از نظام حقوقی ویژه‎ای برخوردار نشده است. در نتیجه، عبور از آن دارای نظام حقوقی خاصی نیست و قوانین کنوانسیون 1982 حقوق بین‏الملل دریاها به تنگۀ هرمز نیز تعمیم داده می‏شود. تنش‎های سیاسی پیش‌آمده در دهه‎های اخیر و اقدامات خصمانۀ کشورهای متخاصم، سبب شده است بستن تنگۀ هرمز به‌عنوان اهرم بازدارندۀ تدافعی مورد توجه مسئولان کشور قرار بگیرد.در این مقالۀ توصیفی و تحلیلی که به شیوۀ کتابخانه‏ای انجام داده‌ایم، ضمن بررسی وضعیت و روند اقدامات ایران در عرصۀ قلمروهای  دریایی، به نقش ژئوپلیتیک تنگۀ هرمز در سیاست‎های دفاعی کشور می‎پردازیم که به‌عنوان متغییر مستقل در این پژوهش مطرح است و پیامد‎های  بستن تنگۀ هرمز نیز به‌عنوان متغییر تابع است. این پرسش مطرح است که تنگۀ هرمز چه جایگاهی در راهبرد دفاع دریایی ایران داشته است و طرح  بستن تنگه از منظر راهبرد دفاعی دریایی چه پیامدهایی دارد؟ براساس یافته‎های پژوهش، طرح بستن تنگۀ هرمز توسط جمهوری اسلامی ایران، همواره واکنش‎های زیادی در پی داشته است. ساخت خطوط لولۀ جایگزین، ابراز مخالفت‎های بین‏المللی، تهدید به‌کارگیری نیروی نظامی با بازنگهداشتن تنگه از جمله آن‌ها بوده است.}, keywords_fa = {ایران,تنگۀ هرمز,راهبرد دفاعی,ژئوپلیتیک,سیاست دفاعی}, url = {https://journal.iiwfs.com/article_134815.html}, eprint = {https://journal.iiwfs.com/article_134815_d8e316f6154c201f7ec217dfa1a50315.pdf} }