بحران آب و تهدیدات امنیتی فراروی جهان اسلام (با محوریت غرب آسیا)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی علوم سیاسی دانشکده روابط بین الملل وزارت امور خارجه

2 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی(ره)

چکیده

تغییرات آب‌و‌هوایی و تأثیرات جهانی آن بر روند زندگی بشریت، امنیت بازیگران فردی و جمعی را به ویژه در منطقه مسلمان نشین غرب آسیا تحت تأثیر قرار داده است. در این رهگذر، بحران آب به عنوان حیاتی‌ترین مسئله ناشی از تغییرات آب و هوایی، در ابعاد مختلف سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی، کنشگران را با تهدیدات وجودی مواجه می‌کند. کشورهای اسلامی در منطقه غرب آسیا به عنوان محور جهان اسلام در معرض بیشترین تهدیدات ناشی از بحران آب قرار دارند و امکان بروز جنگ آب بر سر این ماده حیاتی در آینده این منطقه وجود دارد. در این راستا مقاله حاضر در صدد بررسی این سؤال است که تهدیدات ناشی از بحران آب به عنوان مهم‌ترین مخاطره زیست محیطی چه تأثیری بر آینده امنیت کشورهای اسلامی در منطقه غرب آسیا خواهد داشت؟ در پاسخ نیز این مهم بررسی می‌شود که بحران آب، موجب ایجاد و تعمیق تهدیدات امنیتی وجودی در دو بعد اجتماعی و سیاسی اقتصادی برای کشورهای اسلامی منطقه غرب آسیا می‌شود.
 
 
 

تازه های تحقیق

 

 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Water crisis and security threats facing the Islamic world (With West Asian focus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Reza Dehshiri 1
  • Zahra Bahrami 2
1 School of International Relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs
2 Phd Student International Relations, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Climate change and its global impact on humanity's lives have impacted the security of individual and collective actors, especially in the West Asian Muslim region. In this passage, as the most critical issue of climate change, political, economic, social and environmental aspects pose actors with existential threats. Islamic countries in the West Asian region, as the center of the Islamic world, are exposed to the greatest threats from the water crisis and there is a possibility of a water war over this vital substance in the future. In this regard, the present paper seeks to examine the impact of the threat posed by the water crisis as the most important environmental hazard on the future security of Islamic countries in West Asia. In response, it is also worth noting that the water crisis has created and deepened existential security threats in both the socio-political and economic dimensions of the West Asian Islamic countries.
 
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water crisis
  • Islamic countries of West Asia
  • Existential threats
  • Social -Security Threats
  • economic-political-security threats

 

 
 
 
  1. Abdulkhani, Ali (2013). Security Theories, Contemporary Abrar, Tehran, Second    Edition.[In Persian]
  2. Al-Rimmawi, Hussein (2009). Middle East Chronic Water Problems: Solution Prospects Available, at:https://www.researchgate.net/publication /267262498 _Middle_East _Chronic_Water_Problems_Solution_Prospects.
  3. Araghchi, Seyyed Abbas (2014). Water Diplomacy, From Conflict to Cooperation, Quarterly Journal of Global Politics, Volume 3, Issue 4.[In Persian]
  4. Araghchi, Seyyed Abbas (2015). Transnational Water Diplomacy and the Intern -ational System, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tehran.[In Persian]
  5. Baker, Aryn (2015). How Climate Change is Behind the Surge of Migrants to Europe, Available at: http://time.com/4024210/climate-change-migrants.
  6. Barton Alexandra Writer, Guest (2018). WATER IN CRISIS - MIDDLE EAST, Available at: https://thewaterproject.org/water-crisis/water-in-crisis-middle-east.
  7. Bazi, Khoda Rahm; Khosravi, Somaie; Javadi, Maesome; Hossein Nejad, Mojtaba (2010). The Middle East Water Crisis (Challenges and Solutions), Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress of Geographers of the Islamic World.[In Persian]
  8. Espinoza Pedraza, Lisdey; Heinrich, Markus (2016). Water Scarcity: Cooperation or Conflict in the Middle East and North Africa?, available at:https://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/2016/09/02/water-scarcity-cooperati- on-or-conflict-in-the-middle-east-and-north-africa/
  9. http: //www. wri. Org.
  10. http://pajuhesh.irc.ir/Product/book/show.text/id/773/book_keyword//occasion//index/1/indexId/133662-133661,2017/9/17.
  11.  http://www.irna.ir/fa/News/82435965.2611/2018. /
  12.  https://ir.sputniknews.com/iran/201707172684615- 2017/7/17.
  13. Jena, Mani Padma (2016). Water Scarcity Could Impact West Asian Credit Ratings, available at:/http://www.ipsnews.net.
  14. Koch, Paula (2013). Water Scarcity in the Middle East,available at: http://www. yourmiddleeast.com/features/water-scarcity-in-the-middle-east_ 5865.
  15. Kreamer, Daivid k (2012). The Water and International Security, Universities Council on Water Resources, Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Educ- ation.
  16. Maddocks, Andrew ; Samuel ,Young  Robert ; Reig , Paul  (2015). Ranking the World’s Most Water-Stressed Countries in 2040, available at:https: //www.wri. org.
  17. Maumouri, Ali; Kazemi; Seyyed.Asef (2011).Israel's Role in the Middle East Water Crisis, Journal of the History of Speech History, Volume 5, Number 12. [In Persian]
  18. Miletto, Michela; Caretta, Martina A; Burchi, Fransesca.M.; Zanlucchi, Giulia (2017). Migration and its interdependencies with water scarcity, gender and youth employment, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
  19. Mousavi, Ahmad (2012). Israeli Energy Security and the Geopolitics of the Region, Regional Studies, Number. 44.[In Persian]
  20. Rababa’a, Ghazi Ismail (2012). Water Conflict in the Middle East, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 2 No. 21.
  21. Rohi Dehbaneh, Majid (2018). Global Warming, Water Crisis and its Effects on Homeland and Regional Security in West Asia, Proceedings of the Second Tehran Security Conference, Environmental Hazards of Regional Security in West Asia, Institute for Cultural Studies and International Contemporary Abroad Research.[In Persian]
  22. Sattari, Mohanad Taghi (2017). The Tigris and Euphrates; Water or Weapons? A Brief Look at Possible Tensions over Water in the Middle East, Public Policy Studies Network, Presidential Center for Strategic Studies.[In Persian]
  23. Sazmand, Bahare; Emamiifar, Ali (2018). The Impact of Desalination Plans on Persian Gulf Waters on Human Security of the Persian Gulf Countries, Proceedings of the Second Tehran Security Conference, Environmental Hazards of Regional Security in West Asia, Cultural Studies Institute and International Contemporary Abroad Research.[In Persian]
  24. Taghipour, Sedighe (2016). The world is thirsty for water and Iran is thirsty for a drop of water management, Future Index, Future studied Educational Research Journal, No. 5, Special on the Global Water Crisis.[In Persian]
  25. Trombetta, Maria Julia (2009). Environmental security and climate change: analysing the discourse, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 21:4, 585-602, DOI: 10.1080/09557570802452920.
  26.  Waterbury, John (1979). Hydropolitics of the Nile Valley, Syracuse University Press. ISBN 0-8156-2192-2.
  27. Yeranian, Edward (2018). Water Crisis Looms as Syria Military Conflict Winds Down, Available at: https://www. voanews.com/a /water-crisis-looms-as-syria-military-conflict-winds-down-/4547493.html.
  28. Zaki, Yashar; Fateh, Neda (2018). Geopolitical Analysis of West Asia's Environ -mental Hazards, with Emphasis on Microenterprises in South West Asia, Proceedings of the Second Tehran Security Conference, Environmental Hazards of Regional Security in West Asia, Institute International Cultural Studies and Research of Contemporary Abrar.[In Persian]