Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Graduated with a PhD in International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran.
2
Associate Professor in International Relations Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch
3
Associate Professor of Political Science Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch
4
Associate Professor of Political Science University of Isfahan
10.22034/fasiw.2026.254521
Abstract
Water is an important element in the dynamics of culture and society, and its shortage poses challenges and threats to the security of individuals, society, and the political system. The dominant aspect of water geopolitics in the Tigris-Euphrates basin is the existence of an upstream-downstream situation between Turkey and downstream countries. The aim of the research is to explain Turkey's water policies in the direction of social security in Iran and Iraq. In this research, we have tried to answer the question of what effects Turkey's water policies have had on the social security of Iran and Iraq? The research hypothesis is that Turkey's water policies have posed significant challenges and threats to social security in Iran and Iraq. The findings of the research show that, in addition to the spread of socio-political conflicts between Iran and Iraq and Turkey, Turkey's water policies have led to the destruction of wetlands, fertile agricultural lands, vegetation and forest cover, desertification, air pollution, the creation and transfer of fine dust, and disruption of agricultural, industrial, and social activities, and have caused a significant number of people to migrate from Iraq to Iran and a significant number of residents of the western and southwestern regions of Iran to settle in large cities, especially Tehran, Shiraz, Isfahan, Mashhad, Qom, Rey, Karaj, and the north of the country. These issues have led to the spread of environmental and social problems such as marginalization, theft, conflict, and changes in the demographic structure.
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