امکان سنجی شکل گیری جامعه امن در غرب آسیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار روابط بین‌الملل، گروه ارتباطات و علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران شرق، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تهران شمال، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

نظریه جامعه امن از جمله تئوری‌های مبتنی بر همکاری و همگرایی می‌باشد که در حوزه امنیت، مخصوصاً امنیت منطقه‌ای ارائه شده است. بر اساس این تئوری کشورها چنان وارد فرآیند همگرایی می‌شوند که اصولاً راه‌های غیر مسالمت‌آمیز در حل و فصل اختلافات میان آنها رنگ می بازد و تعامل سازنده میان بازیگران موجبات پیروی از قوانین و اجرای تعهدات فی مابین را فراهم می‌سازد. با توجه به روابط ناپایدار میان بازیگران منطقه غرب آسیا و تنش‌های فزاینده میان آنها، سوال اصلی پژوهش حاضر ناظر به کاربست تئوری جامعه امن در این منطقه می‌باشد و در پی پاسخ به این سوال هستیم که «بر اساس نظریه جامعه امن، امکان شکل‌گیری این جامعه در منطقه غرب آسیا به چه صورت می‌باشد؟» و در پاسخ به این سوال، فرضیه اصلی نیز بر اساس روش کیفی یا رویکرد توصیفی-تحلیلی است که «منطقه غرب آسیا، با توجه به زمینه‌های بالقوه‌ تنش و واگرایی آن در بهترین شکل می‌تواند شاهد شکل‌گیری جامعه امن سست پیوند و نوظهور ‌باشد». رویکردهای چند جانبه جهت حل‌وفصل مسائل منطقه‌‌ای، درک مشترک از تهدیدات، مقابله با معضلات منطقه‌ای بدون توسل به ‌زور در روابط فی مابین، گسترش همکاری‌های چندجانبه با احترام به حاکمیت و عدم مداخله در امور داخلی یکدیگر از الزامات شکل‌گیری انواع دیگری از جامعه امن است که می‌تواند کشورها را به ‌سمت هویتی مشترک سوق دهد. درحالی که در منطقه غرب آسیا امروزه از این ظرفیت ها به نحو شایانی استفاده نشده است

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Possibility of Forming Secure Community in West Asia

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rahmat Hajimineh 1
  • Ebrahim Meraji 2
1 Assistant Professor of International Relations, Department of Communication and Social Sciences, Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD Student, Department of International Relations, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

1.Introduction
The region of West Asia has long been the focus of numerous crises. On the one hand, the presence and intervention of supra-regional powers have exacerbated these crises, and on the other hand, ethnic-religious difference is the prominent feature of this region, which is one of the main causes of many crises in the region. Numerous factors, from the role of the region in energy supply to the expansion of the influence of trans-regional actors and the pursuit of containment policy, have attracted the attention of great powers to the region at different times. At the regional stage, ethnic and especially religious factors have in many cases led to dispute and crisis, and in some cases even to war. Therefore, according to these facts, the stressors in the region can be classified as follows: the presence and involvement of supra-regional powers in the regional issues as an external factor and ethnic-religious differences as an internal factor.
As Buzan (2002) says, "The West Asian security crisis complex is a clear example of a conflicting structure, in addition to being particularly complex and extensive. Determining the exact date of this crisis in the region is difficult. However, the various aspects of the formation of crises in the region have a long history."
2.Method
 The paper's methodology is an analytical-descriptive approach
 3.Results and Discussion
Given the unstable relationship between Persian Gulf and West Asian actors and the increasing tensions among them, the main question of the present study is the possibility of forming a Secure Community in the region. According to the theory of Secure Community, how is it possible to form this society in the West Asian region? The response based on the theoretical frameworks is that according to the theory, the West Asian region could, in the most optimistic view, see a tightly – coupled and nascent Secure Community.
In fact, the theory of Secure Community is based on cooperation and convergence  that has been proposed in the field of security, especially regional security. According to this theory, countries enter into a process of convergence that essentially avoids non-peaceful ways of resolving disputes among them and provides constructive interaction among actors to enforce laws and fulfill obligations among them.
4.Conclusion
Multilateral approaches to resolving regional issues, understanding common threats, tackling regional problems without resorting to force, expanding multilateral co-operation with respect to sovereignty, and interfering in the internal affairs of each other are essential requirements for the formation of Secure Community, while these capacities are not widely used in today West Asia.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Secure Community
  • West Asia
  • regionalism
  • regional security
  • common identity
  1. Abbasi, Ebrahim; Shokri, Mohsen (2015). Feasibility Study of Forming a Regional System in the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council. Strategy Quarterly. Vol. 24. No. 77.[In Persian]
  2. Adler, Emanuel; Barnett, Micheal (1998). A framework for the study of sec- urity communities. Cambridge: Cambridge university press.
  3. Adler, Emmanuel; Barnett, Michael (2010). A framework for examining security correlations. In Richard Dalitel and Michael.[In Persian]
  4. Ataiee, Farhad; Sardashti, Fahima (2010). Convergence between the member states of the Arab League. Middle East Studies Quarterly. The seventeenth year. No. 2.[In Persian]
  5. Bellamy, Alex (2007). Safe communities and neighbors. Translated by Mah- mmoud Yazdan Pham and Parisa Kariminia. Tehran: Research Institute for Strategic Studies.[In Persian]
  6. Buzan, Barry (2002). A structurally Middle East has always been a source of conflict. Translated by Ahmad Sadeghi, Foreign Policy Quarterly. Fall. Year 16. No3.[In Persian]
  7. Buzan, Barry (2010). The United States and World Politics in the 21st Century. Translated by Abdul Hamid Heydari. Tehran: Research Institute for Strategic Studies.[In Persian]
  8.    Emami Meybodi, Seyyed Mohammad Hussein (2010). Fifty years of OPEC; Opportunities and challenges. Energy Economy. No. 128.[In Persian]
  9. Holstie, K.J. (2006). Fundamentals of International Policy Analysis. Trans- lated by Bahram Direct and Massoud Tarom Sari. Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Printing and Publishing Institute.[In Persian]

10. Https://www.irna.ir/news/82557938/.[In Persian]

11. Izadi, Jahanbakhsh; Akbari, Hamid Reza (2016). Political Islam and the Sec- urity Order in West Asia. International Relations Studies. Vol. 9, No. 35.[In Persian]

12. Karimi, Kambiz (2016). The position of the Organization of the Islamic Conference in establishing regional peace. World Assembly of Islamic Pea- ce. Retrieved from: http://www.iwpeace.com/articles/35407.[In Persian]

13. Len, Christopher (2004). Anarchy and the Barriers to community Regional cooperation in the post cold war Era. Uppsala programme of international studies (UPIS). Department of peace and conflict Research

14. Mousavi, Seyyed Hossein (2007). The pattern of regional security in the Persian Gulf, experiences and obstacles. Quarterly Journal of Strategic Studies. Vol. 10. No .4.[In Persian]

15. Pashang, Ardeshir (2017). Sectarianism; A major pest and a source of tensi- on in the Middle East. IRNA News Agency. Revised at:

16. Qavam, Seyyed Abdul Ali (2014). International Relations, Theories and Approaches. Tehran: Organization for the Study and Compilation of Humanities Books (Samt).[In Persian]

17. Ruhi, Majid (2016). The tragedy of regionalism in the Middle East. Tehran: Research Institute for Strategic Studies.[In Persian]

18. Salimi, Hossein (2009). Southwest Asia as a region? Analysis of the appli- cability of the region to Southwest Asia. Geopolitical Quarterly. Vol. 5. No. 2.[In Persian]

19. Sazmand, Bahareh (2009). Regionalism and Common Identity in Southeast Asia (ASEAN1996-2008). Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies.[In Persian]

20. Shafiee, Nozar; Mahmoudi, Zahra (2010). Shanghai Cooperation Organizati- on Emerging Safe Society. Journal of Central Asia and Caucasus Studies.[In Persian]