China is one of the world's great powers, a permanent member of the Security Council with veto power, one of the world's great military powers, and in the economic sphere, it controls about 15% of the world's economy after the United States. In the last two decades, following stunning economic growth, China has been trying to redefine the world order. Beijing is trying to improve its position in the global system in competition with the United States with a different logic from the West, in the light of partnership agreements with different countries, and presenting a different concept of "great power responsibility". The Middle East region has an important place in China's achievement of its strategic goal. The question of this research is how China has expanded its influence in this region in competition with the United States by taking advantage of the concept of great power responsibility towards the Middle East region. The findings of this study, which were obtained by utilizing the conceptualization of great power responsibility from China's perspective as well as the descriptive-analytical research method, indicate that China, while seeking stability in the Middle East, is trying to secure its economic and political interests by respecting the sovereignty of the countries in the region and "peaceful development" and expand its influence in this region in competition with the United States.